To calculate the expected value (EV) of a Blackjack hand, you need to consider the different possible outcomes, their probabilities, and the payoffs for each. The outcomes include winning, losing, pushing, getting a Blackjack, or surrendering (if allowed), and each outcome has a corresponding payoff, such as winning your bet (1:1), losing your bet (-1), or winning a Blackjack (1.5x your bet). The EV is calculated by multiplying the probability of each outcome by its payoff and summing the results. This gives you an estimate of the average amount you can expect to win or lose per hand in the long run. For example, if the probabilities of winning, losing, and pushing are known, you can apply the formula to calculate the expected outcome, which tells you how much you can expect to win or lose on average per bet.