Court surface roughness significantly influences player movement on hard courts by affecting traction and grip. A rougher surface increases the friction between the shoe soles and the court, allowing players to make quicker, more explosive movements, change direction with greater stability, and maintain better control during play. However, excessive roughness can lead to increased wear on shoes and a higher risk of injury due to the strain it may place on joints and muscles. Conversely, a smoother surface may reduce traction, resulting in more slipping and less agility, potentially impacting performance and increasing the likelihood of falls. Therefore, finding the right balance in surface roughness is crucial for optimal player mobility and safety.