Blackjack has a rich history marked by several noteworthy developments that have shaped its evolution. Originating in France in the 1700s, the game was known as "Vingt-et-Un," or "Twenty-One," and gained popularity among French gamblers. Its introduction to the United States came in the early 19th century, where it adapted and evolved alongside American gambling culture. The establishment of casinos in the U.S. further popularized the game, leading to variations and rule changes that enhanced its appeal. The mid-20th century saw the emergence of card counting techniques, brought to mainstream attention by figures like Edward Thorp, which highlighted players' ability to gain an advantage over the house.