Several global events have profoundly impacted the online gambling industry, particularly the COVID-19 pandemic, which led to widespread lockdowns and the closure of brick-and-mortar casinos. This unprecedented situation propelled a surge in online gambling adoption as players turned to digital platforms for entertainment and social interaction, resulting in substantial growth in user engagement and revenue. Additionally, regulatory changes and legalization efforts in various regions, such as the U.S. Supreme Court’s 2018 ruling that allowed states to regulate sports betting, have opened new markets and opportunities for online operators.