Short-term payouts are payments made within a year, useful for immediate financial needs, and include items like bonuses and commissions. They provide quick access to funds but may come with higher volatility and risk. Long-term payouts, on the other hand, occur over a longer period, typically over a year, focusing on wealth accumulation through retirement benefits and long-term investments. While they can be riskier due to market changes, they generally offer greater stability and rewards through compounding.